He mea nui te mahi a te hauota wai (LN2) i roto i te ao o te hangarau āwhina uri, hei taputapu whakamahana mō te penapena i ngā rauemi koiora utu nui, pērā i ngā hua manu, ngā parāoa, me ngā kukune. Mā te tuku i ngā pāmahana tino iti me te kaha ki te pupuri i te pumau o ngā pūtau, ka whakarite a LN2 i te tiakitanga roa o ēnei tauira ngawari. Heoi, he wero motuhake te whakahaere i te LN2, nā te tino makariri o te pāmahana, te tere o te horapa me ngā mōrearea pea e pā ana ki te nekehanga o te hāora. Hono mai ki a mātou i a mātou e ruku ana ki ngā mahi haumaru me ngā mahi pai e tika ana hei pupuri i tētahi taiao tiaki whakamahana haumaru me te whai hua, te tiaki i ngā kaimahi, me te heke mai o ngā maimoatanga momona.
Otinga Rokiroki Hauota Wai Hauora Koiora Haier
Te Whakaiti i ngā Mōrearea i te Whakahaere i tētahi Rūma Cryogenic
He maha ngā tūponotanga e pā ana ki te whakahaere i te LN2, tae atu ki te pahūtanga, te whakamomori, me ngā weranga cryogenic. Nā te mea ko te ōwehenga whānui o te rōrahi o te LN2 he tata ki te 1:700 – ko te tikanga ka mimiti te 1 rita o te LN2 hei whakaputa i te 700 rita o te hauota – me tino tupato i te wā e whakahaere ana i ngā ipu karāhe; ka pakaru pea te karāhe i te mirumiru hauota, ka puta he maramara ka taea te whara. Hei tāpiri, ko te mātotoru o te LN2 he tata ki te 0.97, ko te tikanga he iti ake te mātotoru i te hau, ā, ka pupū ki te taumata whenua ina tino iti te pāmahana. Ka puta he tūponotanga whakamomori i roto i ngā wāhi kuiti i tēnei kohikohinga, ka whakaiti i te taumata hāora i te hau. Ka nui ake ngā tūponotanga whakamomori nā te tukunga tere o te LN2 hei hanga i ngā kapua kohu kohu. Ko te pānga ki tēnei kohu tino makariri, inā koa ki te kiri, ki ngā kanohi rānei – ahakoa he poto noa – ka arahi ki ngā weranga makariri, ki te hukapapa, ki te kino o te kiko, ki te kino rānei o te kanohi tuturu.
Ngā Tikanga Pai rawa atu
Me whakahaere e ia whare hauora whakawhānau he aromatawai mōrearea ā-roto e pā ana ki te whakahaere o tōna rūma whakawhānau. Ka taea te tiki tohutohu mō te whakahaere i ēnei aromatawai i roto i ngā pukapuka Ture Mahi (CP) mai i te British Compressed Gases Association.1 Ina koa, he whai hua te CP36 ki te tohutohu mō te rokiroki o ngā hau whakawhānau i te wāhi, ā, ka hoatu e te CP45 he aratohu mō te hoahoa o tētahi rūma rokiroki whakawhānau.[2,3]
Tahora Nama 1
Ko te wāhi pai rawa atu mō te rūma cryogenic ko te wāhi e wātea ana. Me āta whakaaro ki te whakatakotoranga o te ipu rokiroki LN2, nā te mea me whakakī mā te ipu pēhanga. Ko te mea pai, me tū te ipu tuku hauota wai i waho o te rūma rokiroki tauira, i roto i te wāhi e pai ana te hauhautanga me te haumaru. Mō ngā otinga rokiroki nui ake, he maha ngā wā ka honoa tika te ipu tuku ki te ipu rokiroki mā te ngongo whakawhiti cryogenic. Mena kāore e taea te whakanoho i te ipu tuku ki waho e te whakatakotoranga o te whare, me tino tupato i te wā e whakahaere ana i te hauota wai, ā, me whakahaere he aromatawai mōrearea taipitopito, tae atu ki ngā pūnaha aroturuki me te tango.
Nama 2 Te Whakahauora
Me whai hauhautanga pai ngā rūma whakapūkara katoa, me ngā pūnaha tango hei ārai i te kohikohinga hauota me te tiaki i te whakahekenga hāora, me te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te hemo. Me tika tēnei pūnaha mō te hau makariri whakapūkara, me hono atu ki tētahi pūnaha aroturuki whakahekenga hāora hei kite i te hekenga o te taumata hāora ki raro iho i te 19.5 ōrau, ā, i taua wā ka tīmata te pikinga o te tere whakawhiti hau. Me whakanoho ngā awa tango ki te taumata whenua, me whakanoho hoki ngā pūoko whakahekenga tata ki te 1 mita i runga ake i te taumata o te papa. Heoi, me whakatau te tūranga tika i muri i te rangahau taipitopito o te wāhi, nā te mea ka pāngia te tūranga pai e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te rahi me te tahora o te rūma. Me tāuta hoki he whakaoho o waho ki waho o te rūma, e whakarato ana i ngā whakatūpato oro me te tirohanga hei tohu i te wā e kore ai e haumaru te tomo.
Nama 3 Haumaru Whaiaro
Tērā pea ka whiriwhiri ētahi whare hauora ki te whakarato i ngā taputapu aroturuki hāora whaiaro ki ngā kaimahi, me te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha hoa e tomo takirua ai te tangata ki te rūma cryogenic, kia iti ake ai te roa o te wā e noho ana te tangata kotahi ki roto i te rūma i tētahi wā kotahi. Ko te kawenga a te kamupene te whakangungu i ngā kaimahi mō te pūnaha rokiroki makariri me āna taputapu, ā, he maha ngā kaimahi e whiriwhiri ana kia whakahaerehia e rātou ngā akoranga haumaru hauota ipurangi. Me mau ngā kaimahi i ngā taputapu tiaki whaiaro (PPE) e tika ana hei tiaki i a rātou mai i ngā wera cryogenic, tae atu ki te tiaki kanohi, ngā karapu/ngā whitiki, ngā hu e tika ana, me te koti taiwhanga. He mea nui kia whai whakangungu āwhina tuatahi ngā kaimahi katoa mō te whakahaere i ngā wera cryogenic, ā, he mea pai kia whai puna wai mahana tata hei horoi i te kiri mēnā kua puta he wera.
Tiaki Nama 4
Kāore he wāhanga neke o te ipu pēhanga me te ipu LN2, ko te tikanga he kaupapa tiaki ā-tau noa iho te mea e hiahiatia ana. I roto i tēnei, me tirotiro te āhua o te ngongo waikura, me te whakakapinga o ngā takirere tuku haumaru e tika ana. Me tirotiro tonu ngā kaimahi kia kore he wāhi hukapapa – i runga i te ipu, i te ipu whāngai rānei – e tohu ana i te raruraru o te korehau. Mā te whakaaroaro pai ki ēnei āhuatanga katoa, me te kaupapa tiaki auau, ka taea e ngā ipu pēhanga te roa mō te 20 tau.
Whakamutunga
He mea tino nui te whakarite i te haumaru o te rūma tiaki waiora o te whare hauora whakawhānau tamariki, te wāhi e whakamahia ai te LN2. Ahakoa kua whakarārangihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā whakaaro haumaru maha, he mea nui kia whakahaerehia e ia whare hauora āna ake aromatawai mōrearea ā-roto hei aro atu ki ngā whakaritenga me ngā tūponotanga mōrearea. He mea nui te mahi tahi me ngā kaiwhakarato tohunga i roto i ngā ipu rokiroki makariri, pērā i a Haier Biomedical, kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia rokiroki waiora me te whai hua me te haumaru. Mā te whakatairanga i te haumaru, te piri ki ngā tikanga pai, me te mahi tahi me ngā tohunga pono, ka taea e ngā whare hauora whakawhānau tamariki te pupuri i tētahi taiao tiaki waiora haumaru, me te tiaki i ngā kaimahi me te oranga tonutanga o ngā rauemi whakaputa uri utu nui.
Ngā Tohutoro
1. Ngā Tikanga Mahi - BCGA. I tirohia i te 18 o Mei, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/pubcat/codes-of-practice/
2.Ture Mahi 45: Ngā pūnaha rokiroki cryogenic koiora. Hoahoa me te whakahaere. British Compressed Gases Association. I whakaputaina i te ipurangi i te tau 2021. I uru atu i te 18 o Mei, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/wp-
3. ihirangi/tukuake/2021/11/BCGA-CP-45-Taketake-05-11-2021.pdf
4.Ture Mahi 36: Te penapena wai cryogenic i ngā wāhi o ngā kaiwhakamahi. British Compressed Gases Association. I whakaputaina i te ipurangi i te tau 2013. I uru atu i te 18 o Mei, 2023. https://bcga.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/CP36.pdf
Te wā tuku: Hui-tanguru-01-2024
